來源：觀察者網 作者：劉禾/譯者：魏迪英
原題： 美國社會運動是星火燎原，而不是痛定思痛
劉禾按：《痛定思痛：美國社會運動興衰的秘密》一文給人一個錯誤的印象，好像事情已經接近尾聲，可以總結了。這很誤導，因為情況完全不是那樣的，星星之火正在燎原，哪里有什么結束的跡象？雖然主流媒體竭力掩蓋在我們眼皮子底下發生的事，但占領行動每天都在美國各地發生。從昨天開始，那個讓警察鎮壓學生的UC Davis 的校長正在被輿論（而不是媒體）送上審判臺，她恐怕很快被迫辭職。請關注這個戲劇性的發展，它完全拋開了封鎖消息的報紙和電視，像病毒般的一夜間傳遍全美國，這將讓所有打算鎮壓學生運動的美國大學校長三四再行，看看下面的報道和分析就知道了。
一個歷史性的時刻，見以下哥倫比亞大學音樂系助理教授Aaron Fox 的報道和分析。
我現在寫的這些，是要揭露加州大學戴維斯分校校警的野蠻行徑，以及這次令人反感的事件。星期五，配備防暴器材的校警蓄意對一群和平、有序的抗議學生，噴射胡椒水（我想說這是“化學武器”）。這是加州大學的新課程嗎？當時的視頻十分可怕，但是值得堅持看完，因為其中揭示了一旦“大學”以鎮壓本校學生和員工的執法機構自居（似乎我們需要學賓州大學的例子），會是多么可怕的景象。結果，至少有一名學生送醫：
http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=6AdDLhPwpp4
如果你感到惡心，請看我貼在下面的一張照片，這同樣可以證明事實。校警濫用權力，行動野蠻，是顯而易見的。
這是戴維斯本地報紙上的報道：
這是《薩克拉門托蜜蜂報》上的相關文章：
http://www.sacbee.com/2011/11/19/4066159/10-occupy-protesters-arrested.html
目前，《紐約時報》、《今日美國》、《時代》、CBS、CNN等媒體都報道了這一事件，那些記錄加州大學戴維斯分校校警暴行的視頻，在網上被瀏覽了成百上千次。和“加州大學戴維斯分校”、“胡椒噴射”相關的搜索，成為今天美國谷歌搜索的頭條。這意味著什么呢？下午三點左右，加州大學戴維斯分校放棄了原來的主張，校長釋放出穩控信號，承諾調查這一事件，但這已經太晚了。
到星期一時，幾百萬人都知道了匹克隊長和他的化學作戰部隊，以及校長的40萬美元的年薪（包括免費住房、旅行和交通），校長下達了鎮壓抗議者的命令，導致受傷的學生送醫，校警還強迫學生張嘴，然后向他們噴射胡椒水。我一點都不騙你。
今天晚上戴維斯分校發生事值得關注，自從下午以來，我一直在關注視頻網站livestream和博客，這是非常重要的時刻。卡緹希校長召開了一個新聞發布會，希望控制事態發展和擴散效應。
加州大學戴維斯分校的學生，大批趕到發布會現場，但由于沒有媒體證件，被擋在發布會現場之外。學生們包圍了發布會現場，并在幾個小時內聚集起1000多人。據說，卡緹希校長擔心抗議學生的阻攔，以至于無法離開現場，似乎她成了被劫持的人質。但是校方并沒有調來警察，至少沒有在現場出現。看來，加州大學戴維斯分校還是吸取了一些教訓。
學生們空出了一條寬闊的通道，聲稱卡緹希校長走過時，他們會保持安靜、尊重，他們只想呼吁她辭職，而不是要在現場劫持她。盡管在幾個小時的等待中，聚集的學生越來越多，現場氣氛越來越緊張，但學生們一直表現出可敬的紀律和組織性。后來，學生們與卡緹希校長的支持者達成協議，于是校長離開發布會，帶著一位助手乘上她那部價值7萬美元的雷克薩斯SUV，這筆錢可是納稅人掏的。學生們保持了“絕對的紀律和完全的安靜”，站在一邊，只是回答了一些記者的現場采訪。這既令人驚訝，又令人振奮。當然，“胡椒水”校長在周圍幾千雙眼睛的注視下，一定會感到羞愧。由于加州乃至全國學生的訪問，視頻網站livestream出現過載。
這是一個勝利的時刻，在發布以前就有幾百個訪問。
http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=CZ0t9ez_EGI
只是在卡緹希校長驅車離開時，聚集的學生高喊口號：“大學屬于誰？大學屬于我們！”中間有一些時候，學生離開去吃匹薩餅，這是全國各地的人們為他們訂的。
這次運動異常強大。要記得當今是一個事實上沒有新聞的時代，主流媒體上不揭露任何問題，除了黛米·摩爾和阿什頓·庫徹的離婚事件，或者娜塔利·伍德的死因調查。但是，這次運動的影響在網絡上體現出來，并吸引了全國的注意，以至于加州大學戴維斯分校被迫采取穩控措施。
接下來事態會有更多發展，現在卡緹希校長除了辭職之外，已經別無他路。戴維斯分校的教授協會投票通過決議，譴責卡緹希校長的行為，呼吁她辭職。
http://ucdfa.org/2011/11/19/dfa-board-calls-for-katehis-resignation/
加州大學教授協會的委員會也發表了譴責聲明，要求大學管理者對此負責。
http://cucfa.org/news/2011_nov19.php
加州大學教授協會的完整聲明如下：
本周，我們目睹了和平的抗議者遭受到極其暴力的襲擊。在加州大學伯克利分校、加州州立大學長灘分校、加州大學戴維斯分校，警察暴力鎮壓參加抗議的教師和學生，包括向抗議者眼部和口部噴射胡椒水，用警棍毆打、推搡，銬上手銬拉走，等等。很多受傷的抗議者因此送醫。這些暴力襲擊是主動，全面和肆無忌憚的。
這種針對和平抗議者的暴力行徑是肆無忌憚、毫無理由的，我們感到極其憤怒。
對加州大學的管理者濫用警察暴力，鎮壓異議人士、言論自由和和平集會，我們感到極其憤怒。
我們要求加州大學校方停止使用警察暴力，停止鎮壓和平的政治抗議；我們要求校方對暴力行為的后果負責。我們相信，繼續濫用暴力甚至升級，只會引發更大的憤怒。
警察的野蠻暴力，破壞了加州大學的公共形象。更關鍵的是，破壞了大學自由表達的氛圍。濫用暴力正威脅著加州大學言論自由的遺產，我們對此表示譴責。
我們呼吁校方注意引發抗議的真實原因，抗議者的不滿主要是針對教育私有化。由于大規模削減州的財政撥款，以及提高學費，后者涉及社區學院系統、基礎教育系統和加州大學，公共教育正遭受沉重打擊。相對于銀行利潤的膨脹，學生貸款卻上升到前所未有的水平。加州大學董事會唯一、持續的工作，就是擴大私有化和提高學費，我們對此表示譴責。
簽署人：
加州大學教授協會委員會
艾倫·福克斯
哥倫比亞大學音樂系助理教授
212-854-7185
（劉禾系哥倫比亞大學教授，她的按語經編輯刪改，觀察者網翻譯）。
I'm writing to make you aware of the disgusting incident of campus police brutality at UC Davis, where the campus cops (in riot gear) on Friday deliberately and severely pepper-sprayed (I prefer "used chemical weapons against") a peaceful, seated group of student demonstrators protesting, primarily, yet another tuition increase at UC? The video is hideous, but worth steeling yourself to watch just to see what "the university" can become when it identifies with or as a law enforcement institution over and against its own students and employees. (As if we needed another example after Penn State.) At least one of these students was hospitalized.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=6AdDLhPwpp4
If you're squeamish, a photo I attach below will make the same point. This was outrageous excessive use of force by a campus police force.
Here's the story in the Davis paper:
You can read more about it in the Sacramento Bee article here:
http://www.sacbee.com/2011/11/19/4066159/10-occupy-protesters-arrested.html
It has now been covered in the NY Times, USA Today, Time Magazine, CBS, CNN, and across the entire mediasphere. The various UC Davis police assault videos have been watched hundreds of thousands of times. Various searches related to UC Davis and pepper spraying were the *top searches on Google* in the US today -- think of what that means. By mid-afternoon, UC Davis had already backed down and the Chancellor had released a damage-controlling and mealy-mouthed promise to investigate. But it was too late.
By monday, millions will know about Lt. Pike and his chemical assault squad, and the $400K per year (plus free housing, travel, and vehicle) Chancellor who gave the order to cut the protesters down to the point that some were hospitalized, and including forcing open students' mouths and spraying directly into them. I kid you not.
And something remarkable happened at Davis tonight. I've been watching the live streams and following the blogs since late this afternoon. It was a very important moment.
Chancellor Katehi was preparing to give a news conference to take another crack at spinning this story and controlling the growing, viral character it has acquired.
UC Davis students showed up in large numbers to this conference, and were kept out of the small building (Surge 2, for those who know the campus) for lack of press passes (ha ha). They surrounded the building and their numbers grew over several hours to over 1000 student protesters. Reports came that Chancellor Katehi was afraid to leave and go through the student protesters, or even that she was being kept from leaving, as if it were a hostage situation. Cops were *not* summoned, however -- or at least they were kept back. UC Davis appears to have learned at least a tactical lesson already.
Through patient OWS style organizing, worked out over dozens of mic checks, they arranged to clear a wide path, determined that they would be silent and respectful when she came out, and sent word that they were not keeping her hostage in the building, just there to call for her resignation. Hours went by as the situation got more and more tense, but the students showed remarkable discipline and organization as their numbers kept growing. Finally, they negotiated with Chancellor Katehi's people and she left the building to walk to her taxpayer-paid $70,000 Lexus SUV with one aide. The students maintained *absolute, total order and silence* -- really, not a word -- and stood aside, except for the couple of journalists asking her questions on the livestream feed. It was eerie and powerful and Chancellor Pepper Spray was clearly feeling the shame of a thousands of eyes on her around the nation (the livestreams were overloaded as they were joined by students across California and then the nation).
Here is the moment of triumph, posted moments ago and already with several hundred views:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=CZ0t9ez_EGI
Only once she began to pull away did the crowd erupt into a roar: WHOSE UNIVERSITY? OUR UNIVERSITY! dozens of times as they marched off to consume the pizza ordered for them by people around the nation.
It was so powerful -- and remember this all happened on a day when virtually no news (except Demi and Ashton's divorce or the 30 year old Natalie Wood death investigation) gets reported on mainstream outlets. This *all* happened online, and drew a huge national audience in the process, enough so to force a major university into damage control freakout.
You will see much more about this in the coming days. Chancellor Katehi really has no choice but to resign at this point. The Davis faculty association has voted to ask her to resign and condemn her conduct:
http://ucdfa.org/2011/11/19/dfa-board-calls-for-katehis-resignation/
And the council of ALL UC faculty associations has condemned the violence, and holds administrators accountable for it:
http://cucfa.org/news/2011_nov19.php
Full UC-wide faculty association statement below.
_________________
"This week, we have seen excessive force used against non-violent protesters at UC Berkeley, UCLA, CSU Long Beach, and UC Davis. Student, faculty and staff protesters have been pepper-sprayed directly in the eyes and mouth, beaten and shoved by batons, dragged by the arms while handcuffed, and submitted to other forms of excessive force. Protesters have been hospitalized because of injuries inflicted during these incidents. The violence was unprovoked, disproportional and excessive.
We are outraged by the excessive and unnecessary force used against peaceful protests.
We are outraged that the administrations of UC campuses are using police brutality to suppress dissent, free speech and peaceful assembly.
We demand that the Chancellors of the University of California cease using police violence to repress non-violent political protests. We hold them responsible for the violence and believe it can only result in an escalation of outrage that holds the potential for even more violence.
Police brutality damages the University's public image, and, more importantly, it damages the climate for free expression at UC. We condemn the assault on the legacy of free speech at the University of California.
We call for greater attention to the substantive issues that motivate the protests regarding the privatization of education. With massive cuts in state funding and rising tuition costs across the community college system, the Cal State network, K-12, and the University of California, public education is undergoing a severe divestment. Student debt has reached unprecedented levels as bank profits swell. We decry the growing privatization and tuition increases that have been the frequent -- and only -- responses of the UC Board of Regents.
Signed,
The board of the Council of UC Faculty Associations"
_______________
Aaron Fox
Associate Professor of Music
Columbia University
212-854-7185
“占領華爾街”運動最新進展（中英對照）
來源：觀察者網 作者：OccupyWallStreet/譯者：郭世嘉
華盛頓最新消息：華盛頓國會大廈被抗議者占領
“占領華爾街”網于2011年11月28日下午9：14分報道：
11月28日，在美國華盛頓州奧林匹亞市，“占領”運動的抗議者們占領了華盛頓國會大廈！抗議者被華盛頓警察強行驅逐并有數人被逮捕。警方在行動過程中過度使用武力，據稱有三名抗議者被警方用泰瑟槍電擊。
紐約最新進展：抗議者為軍火商們準備了盛大“派對”
11月29日晚上12時46分，根據“占領華爾街”網發來的報道：
明天大發戰爭財的那些奸商將會在紐約會面。他們不會覺得孤單。明天，航空周刊和瑞士信貸集團將會在紐約舉行他們第17次年度航空及國防財政會議。這些軍火商打著國防的幌子出口死亡。他們通過那些和他們穿一條褲子的政客以及數以百計操縱國會的說客猥褻著我們的民主。他們向那些屬于1%的人推銷武器好讓他們以高科技以及高效的方式擊敗我們這些屬于99%陣營的人。“占領華爾街”是不會容忍這些寄生蟲拿我們上繳的國稅然后轉身就把我們的錢變成武器和利潤的。集結時間：11月30日，周三，共兩場游行——早上六點半碰頭并開始非暴力打斷生意游行，就和平時代表入場的方式一樣，另一場是下午四點半抗議軍國主義游行。集結地點：兩場游行都在麥迪遜廣場公園靠近第24號街口。奸商們的會議在麥迪遜大道上的12樓舉行（在公園大道南邊的第24街以及第23街）。
洛杉磯最新報道：驅逐期限將至，占領洛杉磯堅守陣地
“占領華爾街”網于2011年11月28日下午1:58分報道：
盡管數以百計的警察聚集并包圍了市政大廳，占領洛杉磯運動繼續以和平的方式在一個晚上就召集了可觀的成員集結在團結公園（前身是市政大廳公園）。集結人數超過2000名。這天稍早的時候，洛杉磯警察局開始進入公園驅逐占領洛杉磯運動的駐地。太平洋時間早上5點左右，警察裝備了警棍以及防暴裝置命令奉行非暴力原則的占領者們從街上疏散，否則他們將面臨暴力逮捕。集結人群回應洛杉磯警察署，要求洛杉磯的警察們放下他們的武器并且加入到占領洛杉磯的隊伍中來。在警察撤退前，發生了至少四起逮捕事件。一位占領洛杉磯運動的參與者在接受《紐約時報》采訪的時候說道，“當我們有數千人在這里的時候他們一點加入到我們中來的意愿都沒有。”整個世界都在繼續關注；流行視頻網站Livestream顯示，僅昨天一晚關于占領解放洛杉磯的視頻有超過37000次的訪問量。 El pueblo unido jamás será vencido!（西班牙語：永遠不會被聯合國打敗！）成夜成天占領洛杉磯！更新：占領洛杉磯運動現在正在尋求一支法院傳令以此來防止被驅逐！占領洛杉磯運動全體代表，太平洋標準時間下午7時45分。
費城實況：占領費城運動依然勢頭強健
“占領華爾街”網于2011年11月28日晚上12:06報道：
盡管昨天占領費城運動被市政府勒令撤離并且面臨被逮捕的威脅，占領費城依然保持著和平集會。想要了解費城的占領運動的背景，可以搜索我們較早的更新。更新：晚上10:54，我們還在，繼續保持和平事態，仍然沒有逮捕。晚上7:15，仍然在Dilworth！大部隊正在行進中。晚上6:53：據說警察出現得越來越少。晚上5:45：警察正在封鎖公共公園。占領費城仍然急需支持者加入集會，記得帶照相機！晚上4:40：據說越來越多的警察被目擊在廣場附近聚集，但是他們還沒有采取任何驅逐行動。占領費城依然在Dilworth挺著，并依然試圖召集更多的占領費城運動的成員！晚上12:58：占領費城運動將在今天下午4點在Dilworth廣場進行集結，不是Rittenhouse廣場。請走出來支持我們，我們在用我們的費城運動為我們的未來進行規劃。晚上12:32：根據Twitter的報告，今天早晨在占領費城運動中，人們的力量被擊潰。上午11:03：來自Facebook的更新： “我們的驅逐聚會在昨天晚上大約5點的時候開始，有大約1000名運動支持者前來參與，同時我們使用了擴音器來表達我們到底想要生活在一個怎樣的世界。接著我們開始舞會，我們在通往Thomas Paine廣場的路上排成康加舞的隊列，并且開始游行，中止了通往Rittenhouse廣場的交通，在那里，我們在停靠在廣場的各個入口的警車旁散步游蕩。沒有驅逐，只有歡樂！請來參加占領費城運動并且支持替換那些堅持了整晚的人們，是他們堅守住了陣地扛住了驅逐！我們被稱作瘋子的虛張聲勢，但我們的隊伍不斷壯大！更多的愛在呼喚！！！今晚就來加入我們。”
英文原版：
Washington State Capitol Building OCCUPIED Posted 3 hours ago on Nov. 28, 2011, 9:14 p.m. EST by OccupyWallSt
Today in Olympia, Washington, Occupy protesters occupied the Washington State Capitol! Several were arrested and forcibly removed by Washington State Troopers. In yet another display of excessive force, three people were reportedly tased by police. War Profiteers Meet Tomorrow In NYC. They Won't Be Alone. Posted 9 hours ago on Nov. 29, 2011, 12:46 p.m. EST by OccupyWallSt Tomorrow, the Aviation Week and Credit Suisse will be holding their 17th annual Aerospace & Defense Finance Conference in NYC. These war profiteers export death in the name of defense. They have obscene influence over our democracy with politicians in their pockets and hundreds of lobbyists working congress. They sell arms to to the 1% so that war can be waged against the 99% in efficient and technologically advanced ways. #OWS will not stand silent as these dangerous parasites take our tax dollars and turn them into arms and profit. WHEN: Wednesday, 11/30, two rallies/marches--6:30am meet up and rally to non-violently interrupt business as usual as delegates enter the conference, and 4:30pm to rally against militarism. WHERE: Both rallies are In Madison Sq. Park near the intersection of 24th and Madison. The Conference is being held at One Madison Avenue 12th Floor (Park Ave South between 24th & 23rd streets).
Eviction Deadline Passes, Occupy LA Holding Ground Posted 1 day ago on Nov. 28, 2011, 1:58 p.m. EST by OccupyWallSt
Even as hundreds of police gathered around City Hall, Occupy Los Angeles continued to peacefully assemble in impressive numbers in Solidarity Park (formerly City Hall Park) throughout the night. Accounts put the crowd at over 2,000. Early this morning, LAPD moved in to evict the encampment. Around 5am PST, police armed with batons and riot gear ordered the nonviolent Occupiers to disperse from the street or face violent arrest. The crowd responded by asking LAPD to lay down their weapons and join them. At least four arrests were made, before the police backed down. In the words of one Occupy LA participant who was interviewed by the New York Times, "It wasn't in their best interest to come in when there are thousands here." And the whole world continues to watch; the livestream OccupyFreedomLA reported that it had over 37,000 views last night alone. El pueblo unido jamás será vencido! All night, all day, Occupy LA! UPDATE: Occupy LA is now seeking a court order to prevent eviction! General Assembly at 7:45pm Pacific Standard Time.
LIVE: Occupy Philly Still Standing Strong Posted 1 day ago on Nov. 28, 2011, 12:06 p.m. EST by OccupyWallSt
Though ordered by the city to leave yesterday and threatened with arrest, Occupy Philly remains peacefully assembled. For background on the situation in Philly, see our earlier post. Updates: •10:54pm EST： Still there, still peaceful, still no arrests. •7:15pm EST： Still at Dilworth! General Assembly underway. •6:53pm EST： Police presence reported to be thinning. •5:43pm EST: Police are blocking off public park. Occupy Philly still urging supporters to gather, bring cameras! •4:40pm EST: More police are reported seen massing near the plaza, but have not yet made any attempt to evict. Occupy Philly is still holding strong at Dilworth, planning to hold General Assembly! •12:58pm EST: Occupy Philly will be gathering at 4pm today at Dilworth Plaza**, not at Rittenhouse Square. Please come out and support us as we make plans for the future of our movement in Philly. •12:32pm EST: According to Twitter report, power has been shut off at Occupy Philly this morning. •11:03am EST: From a Facebook post: "Our eviction party last night started off at 5pm with about a thousand supporters and an open mic about what kind of world we want to live in. Then we had a dance party, a conga line to Thomas Paine Plaza, and a 5am march against traffic to Rittenhouse Square, where we strolled past police cars at every entrance. Eviction didn't happen, but a lot of fun did! Please go to Occupy Philly to support and relieve people who've been up ALL NIGHT holding the space against the eviction!! We called Nutter's bluff and are still going strong! Much love crew!!! And come and join us tonight." http://occupywallst.org/article/washington-state-capitol-building-occupied/
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