娃哈哈集團董事長宗慶后參加商業20國集團會議

    以下為娃哈哈集團董事長宗慶后分發給與會代表的發言材料全文：

    解決世界經濟發展的政策建議

    ——商業二十國峰會發言稿

    中國.杭州娃哈哈集團有限公司董事長宗慶后

    2011年11月3日

    Suggested Policies on Solving Problems of the Development of World Economy

    B20 Summit Speech

    Zong Qinghou, Chairman, Hangzhou Wahaha Group Co., Ltd., China

    November 3rd, 2011

    自從2008年美國次貸危機引發的世界金融危機，至今已經整整三年了，各國政府均經過了多方努力，但仍未能奏效，反而二次探底，問題更嚴重。究其原因，我認為是沒有把這次危機的原因搞清楚，因而方法不對，而導致目前問題越來越嚴重。現本人對此提出一些不成熟的想法，若有不當之處，敬請各位批評指正。 

    It has been 3 years since the U.S subprime crisis triggered the global financial crisis in 2008. Each government has made unremitting effort in combating the crisis, but sadly the measures are not effective enough and the world economy is now on the verge of a double dip. In my opinion, the reason for the setback of overcoming crisis is that we haven’t actually understand the causes of the crisis, thus the measures we have taken are hardly correct and the situation is getting more serious.

    一、經濟危機發生的原因

    1. The Causes of Economic Crisis

    我認為經濟的最基本原則是分工不同，相互交換而已，從原始社會開始，你打獵我種糧，你打獵獲得多余的肉換我多余的糧，滿足了大家的需求。直到現代社會這個原則實際上并沒有變，無非是分工和交換更復雜了一點而已。而當前的經濟危機實際上是創造財富與分配財富不平衡所造成的，創造財富的人少，分配財富的人多了，財富不足以分配，不能滿足所有人的需要，就發生了經濟危機。

    I think the most basic principle of economy lies in the division of labor and exchange of goods. Since the primitive society, a hunter can exchange his extra prey for grain from a grain-planter, meeting the needs of both sides. Until modern society, this principle actually has not changed, only the division and exchange has become more complicated. In fact, the root of current crisis is the imbalance of wealth creation and distribution: there are less and less people creating wealth while more and more people demanding wealth; the wealth created is not enough to meet everyone’s need, thus it resulted in an economic crisis.

    例如歐洲各國一直來實施了高稅收高福利的政策，干活的和不干活的生活享受都一樣，因此都不愿干活了，都不創造財富了。再說美國，一直在搞虛擬經濟，不注重實體經濟的發展，而虛擬經濟是分配財富而不是創造財富，華爾街的金融炒家們通過各種金融游戲把市場上的錢都炒到他們口袋里去了，亦就是財富被他們掠奪了，所以就產生問題了。

    For example, Europe has long adopted a high tax and high welfare policy. People who work or don’t work enjoy similar life standards, thus some people are unwilling to work anymore and the number of people who create wealth decreases. United States has long engaged in the development of virtual economy while ignoring real economy. Virtual economy cannot create wealth but only distribute wealth. The Wall Street speculators grabbed all the money in the financial market into their own pockets through various financial“games” and no doubt caused problems in the end.

    而中國這些年主要亦是靠出口與投資拉動經濟的發展，沒有解決好分配問題，沒有大幅提高老百姓的收入，內需不足，因此亦受到了世界經濟危機的沖擊。再加上世界上推行以WTO為代表的全球一體化經濟，大家關注的是誰的成本低誰生產。結果發達國家均利用發展中國家的廉價勞動力去生產，導致發達國家不創造財富，發展中國家廉價為發達國家打工。而現在發達國家支付不起了，發展中國家也沒有給老百姓增加收入，亦拉動不了內需，造成出口受阻，內需又拉不起，同樣產生了問題。

    While in China, the development in recent years is mainly driven by export and investment. The issue of wealth distribution is not well addressed and people’s income is still lagged behind. The lack in domestic demand indicates that China cannot avoid the adverse impact of global economic crisis. Additionally, the globalized world economy represented by the WTO focuses on the low cost of production. The developed countries are all making use of the cheap labor in developing countries to produce goods. As a result, the developed countries do not create wealth, while the developing countries are working for the developed countries. At the present stage, developed countries are not able to afford it anymore and developing countries have not enhanced the income of their people. The consequence is that developing countries now face a low domestic demand and a gloomy export outlook.

    當前各國政府面對危機的主要辦法是利用財政資金不斷填補銀行被金融炒家掠奪所造成的窟窿，我認為這是沒有從本質上看清問題、解決問題，才造成目前這種狀況。

    Meanwhile, government in each country has not realized the nature of the crisis and the way to solve the crisis fundamentally, but was merely continuing exerting itself to patch the financial holes caused by financial speculators through public finance. It is all these factors that lead us to the current serious situation.

    二、解決問題的政策

    2. Policy for Solving the Problem

    總體上應該是采取鼓勵有錢人擴大投資、提供窮人就業的機會，鼓勵窮人通過辛勤勞動致富，改善自己的生活。

    Generally speaking, the policies to be adopted should encourage the rich to expand investment and provide employment opportunities for the poor, and encourage the poor to improve their own life standard through their diligent working.

    各國政府均應以解決就業為第一要務，美國經濟大蕭條時期，羅斯福總統以工代賑的辦法解決了就業問題，很快恢復了經濟就是一個例證。因此歐美發達國家政府不要被那些金融炒家們所迷惑了，亦不要再吵來吵去、爭來爭去而不拿出有力的措施去解決問題，讓局面越來越惡化。特別是執政黨與在野黨，要站在國家利益上、全體老百姓的利益上，共同用正確的方法去解決當前的經濟危機，而不要再站在自己政黨與利益集團的利益上，阻撓用準確的方法去解決經濟危機，否則世界會大亂，會給全球老百姓帶來災難。

    The priority of each government should be to restore employment. During America’s great depression, the work relief program in President Roosevelt’s New Deal solved the unemployment problem and thus restored the economy in a short period of time. This best exemplifies the importance of employment. Therefore, governments in America and European countries should not be misled by the financial speculators, nor keep arguing over the issues without taking any effective measures to solve the problems, which would only worsen the situation. It is especially important for the ruling party and the opposition party to consider the interests of the whole nation and people and work collectively to solve the current economic crisis. If they continue to only consider the interests of the interest groups and themselves and dally with the crisis, they would only bring chaos and disaster to the world and people.

    二是暫停WTO的有關游戲規則，各國自己解決自己的供需平衡、創造與分配的平衡，有多余的出口，有緊缺的進口，而不是強制各國開放市場加劇競爭。發達國家要放開高新技術產品的出口，你不放開出口，不擴大銷售，你前期大量投入的科研開發成本，又怎么能收得回來，又如何能支撐你進一步開發更新、更高技術的產品？而發展中國家要擴大分配，提高老百姓的收入，拉動內需，少出點口，多增加點進口，這樣整個世界經濟就平衡了。同時亦體現了被大家忽視的WTO另外一條最重要的原則，即要保證充分就業，實際收入和有效需求的持續增長。

    Secondly, the relevant WTO rules should be suspended for the moment. We should let each country to restore its balance between supply and demand as well as wealth creation and distribution, allowing countries to export when there are extra goods and import when there is shortage, but not forcing them to open the market and intensify competition. Developed countries should lift its control over the export of high-tech products, otherwise how can you recover your previous investment on research and development, and how can you support your further development on new products? At the same time, developing countries should expand the scope of wealth distribution and enhance the income of your people. This will stimulate domestic demand, which in turn will lessen export and increase import to some extent, contributing to the balance of global economy. This also embodies another often-ignored WTO principle, namely, to guarantee full employment and the constant growth of real income and effective demand.

    世界各國盡管膚色不同、語言不同、文化不同，甚至政治體制不同，但我們共同生活在一個地球上，我們需要一個和平共處、各國老百姓都能安居樂業、共同發展、共同追求與創造一個美好生活的環境。因此考慮問題時不要總想犧牲別國利益，而獲得自己利益，而應當通過大家受益的解決辦法。

    We all live in the same world, despite the fact that we bear different skin colors, use different languages, and immerge in different cultures and even different political systems. We all need a peaceful environment where people from all over the world can live and work in peace and contentment and where our common wish is to pursue and build a better environment for a better life. Therefore, when solving problems, one should not always consider sacrificing other countries’ interests to gain its own interest, but try to achieve a win-win solution.

    因此希望世界各國的政治精英們，特別二十國的領導們能商議出一個解決當前世界經濟危機的正確方法與政策，讓世界早日走出經濟危機的陰影，為世界人民造福。

    In closing, I hope the world's political elite, especially the leaders of G20, could come up with a correct way and policies to overcome the current global economic crisis, leading the world out of the shadow soon and benefiting the people all over the world.

    附件：

    中國最大的飲料企業——娃哈哈

    Wahaha Group：China’s Largest Beverage Company 

    娃哈哈誕生于1987年，經過24年艱苦創業，娃哈哈已發展成為擁有總資產45億美元、員工3萬余人，遍布全國150余家分公司，涵蓋八大類150余個品種的中國飲料航母。

    Founded in 1987, Wahaha has become the largest beverage company in China from 24 years of hard working. Today Wahaha has developed into an enterprise with total assets of 4.5 billion US dollars, and thirty thousand employees. Having  150 plants across the country，Wahaha’s products cover eight categories with over 150 varieties.

    娃哈哈年產飲料1500萬噸，2010年產值超86億美元。各項經濟指標已連續13年穩居中國飲料行業榜首。

    Wahaha produces 15 million tons of drink annually and gained over 8.6 billion US dollars of revenue in 2010. It has remained the top one in China's beverage industry for consecutive 13 years in respect of its outstanding performance.

    娃哈哈擁有一支由博士、碩士和高級工程師組成的260余人的研發團隊，擁有博士后工作站。娃哈哈研究院是國家級企業技術中心，分析中心已經通過國家實驗室認可委員會評審，實現了“一次檢測，全球承認”。

    Wahaha owns a 260 R&D team consisting of doctoral graduates and high-level specialists, and the working station for post-doctoral study. Wahaha R& D Center is a state-level enterprise technical center, and Wahaha Analysis Center has been accredited by the National Accreditation Board for Laboratories to realize the target of global-recognized testing results.

    娃哈哈擁有8000余人的銷售團隊，與10000余家經銷商在全國形成了一張遍布神州大地的獨特的營銷網絡。

    娃哈哈還與IFF、恒天然、克朗斯、赫斯基、三星、杜邦、利樂等多個行業巨頭建立了戰略合作伙伴關系。

    The success of Wahaha has been achieved through its unique nationwide marketing channel composed by an 8000-people sales team and 10000 distributors.

    Another key factor that made Wahaha’s success is the strategic partnership with many global industrial leaders such as IFF, Fonterra, Krones, Husky, Samsung, DuPont and Tetra Pak.

    娃哈哈倡導以人為本，科學發展，讓員工分享企業發展的成果，形成員工忠誠于企業，企業維護員工利益，企業和員工共成一家的企業文化，使企業更加健康快速發展。

    Wahaha initiates people oriented corporate culture aiming at mutual development and benefit sharing by both the company and its people.