尼泊爾：在君主制和革命之間日益分化

2005年8月29日《贏得整個世界》新聞：尼泊爾社會正在加速分化。越來越多的人正加入到毛主義者領導的革命中來，與此同時，一小撮私營的封建王室死黨變得越來越孤立，一些議會黨派還在猶豫。

在八月末的幾個星期，次學生和議會黨派的抗議示威此起彼伏。抗議者分組與警察對壘，扔石頭和磚塊，當街燃燒輪胎，設置路障阻擋通過加德滿都谷地的政府車輛。防暴警察甚至在賈南德拉國王的王宮前的抗議都沒能鎮(zhèn)壓下去。

抗議者開始抗議物價上漲和國王拘禁議會領導人，但從那以后，口號都變成同樣的了。毛主義者領導的學生會熱烈地歡迎和支持這些行動。一些學生領袖說他們既不謀求國王的政府也不要毛主義者的政府，他們支持由議會黨派來組成政府這一中間解決方案。他們中的不少人希望見到由尼泊爾大會黨領導的尼泊爾共和國，但他們被大會黨的領袖柯伊拉臘傷心透了，因為他說共和國只是一個策略，而不是原則。許多其他學生提出口號號召宣布“王室的死期”，要求一個“尼泊爾民主人民共和國”。

在8月28日，Sankardeu大學的學生用反攻回應了警察的一次凌晨襲擊。他們把催淚彈又仍回到警察那里。在城市里不同地點發(fā)生其他幾次遭遇之后，王室軍隊被派往鎮(zhèn)壓示威者。報道說數(shù)十名學生在幾小時的戰(zhàn)斗中受傷。

另一方面，前尼泊爾政府人口和環(huán)境大臣，反對人民戰(zhàn)爭的主要議會黨派之一尼泊爾共產(chǎn)黨（聯(lián)合馬列）的領導人，已經(jīng)投靠了毛主義者。這個消息是引自在尼泊爾主流新聞媒體上公布的其家人的描述。在8月28日，尼泊爾新聞網(wǎng)站（nepalnews.com）上，失蹤已經(jīng)幾個月的Ambika Sanwa探望自己在東部地區(qū)的Khoklang村的家庭并告知家人他已經(jīng)自愿加入了毛派。他的家人說他拒絕了向政府自首的乞求。

同樣是最近，尼泊爾的知名人士舉行了一個來自各領域的人們的群眾大會。包括作家、詩人、醫(yī)生、工程師、記者和律師，他們無視政府的禁令，都聚集到加德滿都大街上來。這就是現(xiàn)今尼泊爾的政治現(xiàn)象。甚至中間階層的徘徊的力量也都走上街頭揮舞各種各樣的旗幟，其中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)推翻王室的旗子。他們正選擇一個變革的未來。

8月24日華盛頓時報報道，王室政權(quán)已經(jīng)敦促七個議會反對黨取消與毛主義起義軍的談判。賈南德拉國王去年解散了議會，在今年2月1日攫取了全部權(quán)力。尼泊爾共產(chǎn)黨（毛）已經(jīng)號召這些政黨參加到反對王室的革命高潮中來。

在8月24日毛主義起義軍公布了在尼泊爾西部地區(qū)Kalikot戰(zhàn)斗中被俘獲的60個士兵的名字。王室曾試圖掩蓋人們對國際社會公認的王室軍隊慘敗的這一重大的政治意義，撒謊說共產(chǎn)主義者已經(jīng)把俘虜執(zhí)行了死刑。尼共（毛）還說士兵的家屬隨時可以來看望他們。這個消息非常受到那些已經(jīng)被政府告知死了親人的那些俘虜?shù)募彝サ臍g迎。最近，毛主義者領導的人民解放軍已經(jīng)向國際紅十字會移交了幾個月前俘虜?shù)牧硪慌勘?/p>

在8月26日，不顧一切的王室軍隊在尼泊爾東部的Parsa地區(qū)逮捕了毛派領導的全尼泊爾運輸工會的一個領袖，不到一小時的時間嚴刑拷打直至最后將其殺害。四個同時被捕的人已經(jīng)失蹤了（Kirshnasenonline.org報道）。這就是賈南德拉國王對人民善良愿望的無情答案。他將負隅頑抗到最后一滴血，直到被暴力推翻。

尼泊爾和印度毛派領袖發(fā)表聯(lián)合聲明

聲明：
譴責封建暴君賈南德拉對尼泊爾革命人民的法西斯暴行！
譴責印度統(tǒng)治階級對印度革命領袖和群眾的法西斯暴行！

十年前不為人知的半封建半殖民地國家——尼泊爾，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)成為全世界關(guān)注的焦點。一方面，在過去十年中尤其是戰(zhàn)略進攻的一年時間里，在尼泊爾共產(chǎn)黨（毛澤東主義）發(fā)動領導下，人民戰(zhàn)爭在廣大農(nóng)村地區(qū)建立了人民政府，這已經(jīng)成為鼓舞全世界被壓迫人民的信心來源；另一方面，尼泊爾革命已經(jīng)成為帝國主義尤其是美帝國主義及其傀儡政權(quán)（包括印度）的致命的意識形態(tài)和政治的威脅。

賈南德拉?沙阿——走私犯、王宮血案的罪魁，通過2005年2月1日政變攫取了全部權(quán)力，他不僅屠殺全國革命群眾，還野蠻鎮(zhèn)壓反對王室軍事法西斯統(tǒng)治的議會黨派、記者、市民、學生、人權(quán)工作者和知識分子。美帝國主義，全世界被壓迫人民的頭號敵人，以及印度擴張主義都試圖用不同借口通過提供武器、彈藥、后勤和金錢支持他們的傀儡賈南德拉和他的王室雇傭軍。

在印度，自從印度毛主義行動中心和印度共產(chǎn)黨（馬列）[人民戰(zhàn)爭]在去年9月份合并以來，反動的擴張主義統(tǒng)治階級便發(fā)動了全國范圍的“圍剿”，野蠻鎮(zhèn)壓印度共產(chǎn)黨（毛澤東主義）領導的人民戰(zhàn)爭。他們不斷宣傳從尼泊爾根據(jù)地綿延到Andhra Pradesh游擊區(qū)的所謂“緊密革命區(qū)”，把這條長長的武裝斗爭的紅色走廊視為“嚴重威脅”。他們大大提高了對納薩爾派的鎮(zhèn)壓力量，聚集大量現(xiàn)代化裝備的經(jīng)過特殊訓練的軍隊，必要的地方使用直升機，并伴以一系列所謂改革來搶奪毛主義者的群眾。人民的民主聲音被壓制了，在武裝斗爭和民族運動影響下的廣大地域，印度憲法所賦予人民的基本權(quán)利被踐踏在腳下。統(tǒng)治階級也加強了對各種形式的民主斗爭和反帝運動的打擊。

在這種情況下，我們兩個毛主義政黨莊嚴地宣告，呼吁全世界被壓迫人民，特別是尼泊爾人民和印度人民，大聲疾呼反對帝國主義和擴張主義鎮(zhèn)壓尼泊爾和印度革命事業(yè)的罪惡圖謀。我們發(fā)誓團結(jié)斗爭直至全部帝國主義和反動派的圖謀被粉碎，人民的社會主義和共產(chǎn)主義事業(yè)在尼泊爾、印度以至全世界得以確立的那一天。

譴責土耳其法西斯國家對毛主義革命者的屠殺！支持土耳其正在進行的人民戰(zhàn)爭！

我們聽到令人悲痛的消息——2005年6月16/17日，帝國主義的奴仆、土耳其法西斯政權(quán)，在土耳其Dersim區(qū)Mercan屠殺了17位毛主義革命者，其中包括毛澤東主義共產(chǎn)黨[土耳其—北庫爾德斯坦]的總書記Cafer Cang?z同志。我們譴責這一卑鄙的冷血的謀殺。人民的偉大領袖和戰(zhàn)士為了土耳其新民主主義革命、社會主義和共產(chǎn)主義事業(yè)——這也是國際無產(chǎn)階級革命的一部分——而獻出了自己的生命。

無論任務多么艱巨，只要牢牢掌握馬列毛主義并創(chuàng)造性地應用它，就一定能打敗階級敵人，包括它的豢養(yǎng)者——帝國主義。在這個悲痛的時刻，我們呼吁土耳其的革命群眾和烈士們的家屬，化悲痛為對階級敵人及其主子美國為首的帝國主義的滿腔的革命怒火，在由毛澤東主義共產(chǎn)黨[土耳其—北庫爾德斯坦]（MKP）堅定高舉著的馬列毛主義的旗幟下團結(jié)起來。在這悲痛的時刻，我們堅定地宣誓給予MKP和革命人民各方面的支持以完成烈士留在我們國際無產(chǎn)階級身上的未竟的重任，

日期：2005年9月1日

普拉昌達 戛納帕蒂
主席 總書記
中央委員會 中央委員會
尼泊爾共產(chǎn)黨（毛澤東主義） 印度共產(chǎn)黨（毛澤東主義）

 RIM就土耳其毛澤東主義總書記遇害的聲明（英文）

In honour of comrade Cang?z and the other fallen heroes:
The fruits of their sacrifice will emerge from the seeds of proletarian revolution
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The Committee of the Revolutionary Internationalist Movement is grief-stricken and angered by the vicious killing of General Secretary Cafer Cang?z and 16 other comrades of the Maoist Communist Party [Turkey-North Kurdistan] (MKP) at the hands of the reactionary Turkish army.

Three attack helicopters and over a thousand soldiers participated in what was really just an airborne massacre completely disproportionate to the small guerrilla contingent defending the leading comrades. The helicopter gunships and bombs that struck down comrade Cang?z and the other comrades and other electronic devices used to locate them are among the most advanced weaponry in the world. This shows how low the ruling classes in Turkey are ready to go in dealing with the peoples of Turkey and their best daughters and sons. These brutal reactionaries and their imperialist masters have real fears because they know they are deeply hated by the workers, peasants, oppressed nationalities and revolutionary intellectuals and democratic forces throughout the country. Without the all-around support of world imperialism, especially the US and its military arsenal, the Turkish ruling class could not survive a single day.

General Secretary Cafer Cang?z and comrade Aydin Hanbayat, the Deputy General Secretary, along with the other comrades Okan Unsal, Ali Riza Sabur, Alattin Ates, Cemal Cakmak, Berna Sagili Unsal, Kenan Cakici, Okkes Karaoglu, Taylan Yildiz, Ibrahim Akdeniz, Binali Guler, Dursun Turgut, Gulnaz Yildiz, Cagdas Can, Ahmet Perktas and Ersin Kantar were on their way to the location where the second congress of the MKP was to be convened when they were encircled and attacked by the Turkish army from land and air.

Comrade Cang?z was well known to the enemy. He struggled for decades for the liberation of the peoples of Turkey as part of the world proletarian revolution. He spent more than ten years in the Turkish dungeons. In prison he was a daring and inspiring model of resistance and defiance and was loved by the imprisoned revolutionaries and hated by the prison authorities. Even while imprisoned, this comrade paid a great deal of attention to the problems of the communist movement in Turkey and internationally. After his release from prison in 2002 he played a key role in organising the founding congress of the MKP and in forging the political line adopted at that congress, an historic event which fought to consolidate a Marxist-Leninist-Maoist understanding in the party. Since the first congress, comrade Cang?z had been fighting to reorganise and strengthen the party and bring about a breakthrough in waging people's war.

Comrade Cang?z was a firm supporter of the Revolutionary Internationalist Movement. Under his leadership the party strengthened its ties with the Movement even more and played a more vigorous role in the international movement.

The loss of comrade Cang?z and the other senior comrades and fighters is a tragic loss to the revolution in Turkey and worldwide. But they did not die in vain. The fruits of their sacrifice and struggle will emerge from the seeds of proletarian revolution, which have been sown widely and deeply among the masses of all nationalities in Turkey and live on in their hearts and minds.

The enemy hoped to crush the MKP but the party, surrounded by the masses supporting it wholeheartedly, has begun the hard task of transforming grief and anger into scientific revolutionary plan. The enemy hoped to strike fear into the masses in Turkey, but already thousands are defying them by honouring the fallen comrades, in Dersim, Istanbul, Ankara and other cities in Turkey and Europe.

We call on all of the proletarian revolutionaries in Turkey to rally around the MKP in this time of great grief and difficulty, rise to the new challenges, take on new responsibilities and carry forward the work that our fallen comrades had begun.

The comrades in Turkey played an important role in forging RIM as the embryonic centre of the world's Maoist forces. One of the tasks of this centre is to help strengthen the Maoist parties and organisations. The Committee of RIM pledges to stand shoulder to shoulder with the MKP as the party struggles to overcome this loss step by step and achieve as soon as possible the breakthroughs in revolutionary struggle that the masses in Turkey so desperately need.

As Mao Tsetung put it, "Fight, fail, fight again, fail again, fight again... till their victory; that is the logic of the people." No matter how great the enemy's military might, the strength of the tens of millions of the oppressed and exploited masses in Turkey, once they are fully unleashed and organised in revolutionary struggle, will prove to be stronger. The ugly, vicious ruling classes of Turkey and their imperialist masters will ultimately be swept away by people's war, opening the door to a beautiful future in Turkey and all over the world, the communist world that comrade Cafer Cang?z and the other fallen heroes gave their lives to bring about.

The Committee of the Revolutionary Internationalist Movement
June 24, 2005

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 美國革命共產(chǎn)黨就土耳其毛澤東主義共產(chǎn)黨總書記遇害的聲明（英文）

Statement from RCP,USA

On the Loss of Comrade Cafer Cang?z and 16 Other Comrades of the Maoist Communist Party [Turkey and North Kurdistan]
Revolution #008, July 17, 2005, posted at revcom.us

It is with great sadness that the Revolutionary Communist Party, USA learned of the killing of Comrade Cafer Cang?z and sixteen other comrades at the hands of the reactionary Turkish army. The revolutionary struggles in Turkey and the United States both face the common, oppressive force of imperialism and share the final goal of achieving communism throughout the world. Our two parties are both participants in the Revolutionary Internationalist Movement. The RCP,USA joins with the thousands in Turkey and all over the world in denouncing this cowardly massacre and honoring the memory of the fallen comrades.

Communists live in different countries, but share a common revolutionary vision: the emancipation of all of humanity, by the masses themselves, everywhere, from exploitation, oppression and social inequality. When this revolutionary cause advances in any one country, comrades everywhere share in the joy. And when comrades give their lives in the struggle, we share in the bitterness.

Although the Turkish ruling class has a huge military, armed to the teeth by U.S. imperialism, terror and repression alone cannot forever stem the revolutionary aspirations of the masses in Turkey. Although the road is difficult and full of sacrifice and hardship, the people, with the leadership of their communist vanguard, can forge their way to final victory.

Comrade Cafer Cang?z led the First Congress of the MKP which opened the door in the communist movement in Turkey to a critical reexamination of the past weaknesses and a fresh approach to the problems of making revolution. The greatest way of honoring Comrade Cang?z’s memory is to carry forward the process which began under his leadership. We are confident that armed with the ever vibrant and constantly developing science of Marxism-Leninism- Maoism your party will overcome this bitter blow, turn grief into strength and advance the cause of the revolution.

Central Committee
Revolutionary Communist Party, USA

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